28 August 2023

Basics of HTML Guide

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How does HTML work?

Similar function to Markdown, syntax defines how stuff should be displayed

HTML is based on beginning and closing tags <tagname>content</tagname>
- Note the “/” on the ending or closing tag of the pair

Compare markdown to html below

This below example shows comparison of a heading and paragraph. Click on links to see many more HTML examples.

%%markdown

### Markdown: This is a Heading

This is a paragraph

Markdown: This is a Heading

This is a paragraph

%%html

<h3>HTML: This is a Heading</h3>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

HTML: This is a Heading

This is a paragraph.

Attributes

Learn about attributes
Tags can have additional info in the form of attributes
Attributes usually come in name/value pairs like: name=”value”

<tagname attribute_name="attribute_value" another_attribute="another_value">inner html text</tagname>

href example with attribute for web link and inner html to describe link

<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp">Visit W3Schools HTML Page</a>

Sample Markdown vs HTML Tags

Image Tag - Markdown

![describe image](link to image)

Image Tag - HTML

<!-- no content so no end tag, width/height is optional (in pixels) -->
<img alt="describe image" src="link to image" width="100" height="200">

Link Tag - Markdown

[link text](link)

Link Tag - HTML

<a href="link">link text</a>

Bolded Text - Markdown

**Bolded Text**

Bolded Text - HTML

<strong>Bolded Text</strong>

Italic Text - Markdown

*Italic Text*

Italic Text - HTML

<i>Italic Text</i>

More tags (not really in markdown)

P tag (just represeants a paragraph/normal text)

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

Button

<button>some button text</button>

Div (groups together related content)

<!-- first information -->
<div>
    <!-- notice how tags can be put INSIDE eachother -->
    <p>This is the first paragarph of section 1</p>
    <p>This is the second paragraph of section 1</p>
</div>

<!-- second information -->
<div>
    <!-- notice how tags can be put INSIDE eachother -->
    <p>This is the first paragarph of section 2</p>
    <p>This is the second paragraph of section 2</p>
</div>

Resources

https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp
I will show a demo of how to find information on this website

HTML Hacks

Below is a wireframe for an HTML element you will create. A wireframe is a rough visual representation of HTML elements on a page and isn’t necessarily to scale or have the exact styling that the final HTML will have. Using the syntax above, try to create an HTML snippet that corresponds to the below wireframe.
The “a tags” can contain any links that you want

wireframe for html hacks

%%html

<!-- put your HTML code in this cell, Make sure to press the Run button to see your results below -->
%%html
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Enhanced HTML Example</title>
    <style>
        body {
            font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
            line-height: 1.6;
            margin: 0;
            padding: 20px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        h1 {
            color: #333;
        }
        .hidden-message {
            display: none;
            font-style: italic;
        }
        .break-example {
            margin-top: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        .space-example {
            font-weight: bold;
        }
        .placeholder-img {
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Enhanced HTML Example</h1>
    <!-- Hidden Content -->
    <div class="hidden-message">Frog Game is the best game you'll ever play!</div>
    <!-- Line Break Example -->
    <p class="break-example">This is a line<br>break example.</p>
    <!-- Non-Breaking Space Example -->
    <p class="space-example">This&nbsp;is&nbsp;spaced&nbsp;text.</p>
    <!-- Placeholder Image -->
    <img class="placeholder-img" src="https://via.placeholder.com/150" alt="Placeholder Image">
    <!-- Show Hidden Content Button -->
    <button onclick="showHiddenMessage()">Show Hidden Message</button>
    <script>
        function showHiddenMessage() {
            const hiddenMessage = document.querySelector('.hidden-message');
            hiddenMessage.style.display = 'block';
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

%%html

Enhanced HTML Example

Frog Game is the best game you'll ever play!

This is a line
break example.

This is spaced text.